Search results for "translation process"

Some thoughts about the conceptual / procedural distinction in translation: a key-logging and eye-tracking study of processing effort

2014

This article builds on the conceptual / procedural distinction postulated by Relevance Theory to investigate processing effort in translation task execution. Drawing on relevance-theoretic assumptions, it assumes that instances related to procedural encodings will require more effortful processing not only in relation to the time spent on the task but also in terms of product indicators such as seconds per word and number of micro translation units per word. Drawing on key-logging and eye-tracking data, the article shows that there are statistically significant differences when conceptual and procedural encodings are analysed in selected areas of interest, with instances related to procedur…

The role of implicit theories in the non-expert translation process

2014

Research into the role of implicit theories in decision-making covers a broad area ranging from personal to political relationships, and from private to professional life. To date, translation studies have paid little attention to the influence of translators’ knowledge and beliefs in the translation process, and even less to the role of implicit theories. In a pilot study with translation trainees, we attempted to reconstruct their theories about translation and discern to what extent these theories influence both the translation process and the translated text. Our results so far show that trainees do entertain initial implicit theories, which can be modified through experience and formal…

Reflections on the role and design of online dictionaries for specialised translation

2014

Este artículo trata de los diccionarios especializados de traducción. Basado en los principios de la teoría funcional, analiza las diversas fases y subfases del proceso traductivo desde una perspectiva lexicográfica mostrando que un diccionario de traducción, si realmente pretende resolver las complejas necesidades de sus usuarios, debe ser mucho más que un simple diccionario bilingüe. A continuación presenta un concepto global de diccionario de traducción que incluye diversos componentes monolingües y bilingües en ambas direcciones entre las dos lenguas en cuestión. Finalmente, el artículo debate cómo este concepto puede aplicarse en Internet con el fin de desarrollar diccionarios de tradu…

Translation Process Research as Interaction Research: From Mental to Socio-Cognitive Processes

2014

The main methodological approaches used in cognitive translation process research have hitherto been inspired by methods originally developed in the behavioural sciences, especially psychology. This article contends that mainstream experimental research in laboratory settings needs to be complemented with other methodological approaches such as qualitative, ethnographic research in order to be able to account for the situated, embedded and extended aspects of cognition – as described in current cognitive science approaches. In addition, it presents the empirical research design and initial results of an ethnographic field study into the socio-cognitive aspects of translation. The results sh…

Stepping into others’ shoes: a cognitive perspective on target audience orientation in written translation

2014

This paper suggests what might allow translators to orient themselves towards their target audience in the translation process. To shed light on translators’ ability to put themselves into their target audience’s shoes, I adopt a cognitive perspective by drawing on current findings from psychology, cognitive science and neuroscience. I depart from the notion of target audience as applied to written translation. Aspects to this concept and the terminology of audience in translation studies are briefly discussed. Then I turn to translation process research to examine two empirical studies and one theoretical paper for insights into researching translators’ target audience orientation. Next, I…

The impact of translators’ ideology on the translation process: a reaction time experiment

2014

This paper presents an experiment designed to measure the influence that a translator’s political stance may exert on the time needed to find a translation solution when working with ideologically loaded concepts. To this purpose, a reaction time experiment (with positive and negative prompting conditions) was designed to evaluate whether words and expressions that are contrary to the translator’s ideology may slow down the translation process, making translators take longer to find an adequate translation. Our hypothesis predicted that the reaction time of translators would be bigger when the English word was presented with a negative “prompt”, that is, with a word they would feel contrary…

Challenges of translation process research at the workplace

2014

Translation usually takes place at translators’ workplaces, yet much translation process research refers to data collected under controlled conditions such as the classroom or the lab. Pursuant with recent descriptions of translation as a situated activity comes the necessity of investigating that activity where and when it occurs. Many of the methods that have proved useful in the lab have also been applied in the field, and some of the challenges associated with investigating translation at the workplace are common to any kind of empirical translation research. However, certain workplace constraints present special challenges to everyone involved. Some solutions that were developed for a …

Reflections on the role and design of online dictionaries for specialised translation

2014

This article is an updated and modified version of a Spanish article published in MonTi 6 (cf. Tarp 2014a). It deals with specialised translation dictionaries. Based on the principles of the function theory, it analyses the different phases and sub-phases of the translation process from a lexicographical perspective and shows that a translation dictionary should be much more than a mere bilingual dictionary if it really pretends to meet its users’ complex needs. Thereafter, it presents a global concept of a translation dictionary which includes various mono- and bilingual components in both language directions. Finally, the article discusses, by means of two concrete online projects, how th…

Style in the translation process : a description of the translation process of two short stories by Carol Shields

2002

What does the translator do when she takes a moment? : scriptlog-aided analysis of long pauses and dictionary use in a translation process

2010

Käännösprosessin tutkiminen on viime vuosina siirtynyt yhä enemmän lopputekstin tutkimisesta itse prosessin eri osien ja piirteiden tutkimukseen. Tauot ovat yksi tämän prosessin eniten tutkituista piirteistä, mutta tähän asti tutkimukset ovat keskittyneet lähinnä kahden tai maksimissaan viiden sekunnin pituisten taukojen analysointiin. Tämän tutkielman tavoitteena on selvittää, millaista informaatiota käännösprosessin kulusta ja sisällöstä sekä sen kääntäjäkohtaisuudesta saadaan ottamalla tutkimuskohteeksi aiempia tutkimuksia pidemmät tauot sekä sanakirjojen käyttö käännösprosessin aikana. Tämän tutkielman aineisto kerättiin hyödyntämällä tietokoneohjelmaa nimeltä Scriptlog, joka tallentaa …